Compositional Sketches for the Virgin Adoring the Christ Child, with and without the Infant St. John the Baptist; Diagram of a Perspectival Projection (recto); Slight Doodles (verso) by Leonardo da Vinci

Compositional Sketches for the Virgin Adoring the Christ Child, with and without the Infant St. John the Baptist; Diagram of a Perspectival Projection (recto); Slight Doodles (verso)

Leonardo da Vinci · 1480

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“Stop and look closely at this sheet to witness Leonardo da Vinci's mind in action, as he sketches and reworks ideas for a Madonna and Child composition, experimenting with figures and perspective.”

ABOUT THIS WORK

This drawing, made around 1480, offers a rare glimpse into the creative process of a Renaissance master. We see multiple attempts to arrange the Virgin Mary with the Christ Child, sometimes including the infant Saint John the Baptist. The figures are rendered in silverpoint, a delicate technique that leaves a faint, silvery line, here on pink prepared paper. Notice how the artist has reworked some areas with pen and ink, deepening contours and adjusting poses, revealing an active mind at work. These aren't finished compositions, but rather a series of experiments, exploring the flow of drapery, the interaction between the figures, and the emotional connection of the holy family. The verso, or back of the sheet, even includes a diagram for a perspectival projection, highlighting the artist's deep engagement with both anatomical study and the scientific principles of representation.

DETAILS
Artist
Leonardo da Vinci
Date
1480
Medium
Silverpoint, partly reworked by the artist with pen and dark brown ink on pink prepared paper; lines ruled with metalpoint (recto); pen and brown ink (verso)
Location
The Metropolitan Museum of Art
Collection
Drawings and Prints
Credit line
Rogers Fund, 1917
ART MOVEMENTS
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What to Notice

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Compositional Sketches for the Virgin Adoring the Christ Child, with and without the Infant St. John the Baptist; Diagram of a Perspectival Projection (recto); Slight Doodles (verso)

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01

Central kneeling Virgin

At the center, the Virgin kneels with arms stretched wide over two children. Her heavy, sweeping drapery is built from dense hatching.

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02

Child reaching up

Beside the Virgin, a small child leans toward her on bent legs, drawn in a few quick lines. In the sketches that include the infant St. John, this is likely his figure.

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03

Arched niche study

At upper left, a small kneeling figure sits inside a tall arched frame. The setting suggests Leonardo was considering how an architectural niche might frame the scene.

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04

Darker reworking in ink

In the lower left figure, the pale underdrawing is strengthened with dark, crisp pen hatching. You can see the artist deciding which lines to keep.

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05

Ruled perspective lines

At lower right, straight diagonal and vertical lines were ruled with a tool. They belong to the perspective diagram and look very different from the freehand figures.

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THE ARTIST

Leonardo da Vinci

1452–1519 · Republic of Florence

Leonardo da Vinci, the ultimate Renaissance polymath, filled notebooks with observations on everything from anatomy to flight, alongside masterpieces like the 'Mona Lisa'.

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Beyond da Vinci and Renaissance: works from the same years, and from the other movements Compositional Sketches for the Virgin Adoring the Christ Child, with and without the Infant St. John the Baptist; Diagram of a Perspectival Projection (recto); Slight Doodles (verso) belongs to.

Jacopo Pesaro, Bishop of Paphos, being presented by Pope Alexander VI to Saint Peter Same movement · High Renaissance Jacopo Pesaro, Bishop of Paphos, being presented by Pope Alexander VI to Saint Peter Titian · 1504 · Royal Museum of Fine Arts Antwerp Christ Child with a Walking Frame Same era · 1460s–1490s Christ Child with a Walking Frame Hieronymus Bosch · 1480 · Kunsthistorisches Museum The Entombment of Christ Same movement · Academic art The Entombment of Christ Caravaggio · 1600 · Pinacoteca Vaticana Saint Paul with a Donor; Christ Appearing to His Mother Same era · 1460s–1490s Saint Paul with a Donor; Christ Appearing to His Mother Master of the View of Saint Gudula · 1480 · The Metropolitan Museum of Art Head of a Child Same movement · Academic art Head of a Child Jacques-Louis David · 1768 · The Metropolitan Museum of Art The Lamentation Same era · 1460s–1490s The Lamentation Albrecht Dürer · 1477 · The Metropolitan Museum of Art Joseph-Antoine Moltedo (born 1775) Same movement · Academic art Joseph-Antoine Moltedo (born 1775) Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres · 1805 · The Metropolitan Museum of Art Virgin and Child with Two Angels Same era · 1460s–1490s Virgin and Child with Two Angels Sandro Botticelli · 1468 · Musée des Beaux-Arts de Strasbourg
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