Central kneeling Virgin
At the center, the Virgin kneels with arms stretched wide over two children. Her heavy, sweeping drapery is built from dense hatching.

“Stop and look closely at this sheet to witness Leonardo da Vinci's mind in action, as he sketches and reworks ideas for a Madonna and Child composition, experimenting with figures and perspective.”
This drawing, made around 1480, offers a rare glimpse into the creative process of a Renaissance master. We see multiple attempts to arrange the Virgin Mary with the Christ Child, sometimes including the infant Saint John the Baptist. The figures are rendered in silverpoint, a delicate technique that leaves a faint, silvery line, here on pink prepared paper. Notice how the artist has reworked some areas with pen and ink, deepening contours and adjusting poses, revealing an active mind at work. These aren't finished compositions, but rather a series of experiments, exploring the flow of drapery, the interaction between the figures, and the emotional connection of the holy family. The verso, or back of the sheet, even includes a diagram for a perspectival projection, highlighting the artist's deep engagement with both anatomical study and the scientific principles of representation.
Five details hide in plain sight. Pick one and we’ll show you exactly where to look.
At the center, the Virgin kneels with arms stretched wide over two children. Her heavy, sweeping drapery is built from dense hatching.
Beside the Virgin, a small child leans toward her on bent legs, drawn in a few quick lines. In the sketches that include the infant St. John, this is likely his figure.
At upper left, a small kneeling figure sits inside a tall arched frame. The setting suggests Leonardo was considering how an architectural niche might frame the scene.
In the lower left figure, the pale underdrawing is strengthened with dark, crisp pen hatching. You can see the artist deciding which lines to keep.
At lower right, straight diagonal and vertical lines were ruled with a tool. They belong to the perspective diagram and look very different from the freehand figures.
The full narration walks you through Compositional Sketches for the Virgin Adoring the Christ Child, with and without the Infant St. John the Baptist; Diagram of a Perspectival Projection (recto); Slight Doodles (verso) — the story behind it, the details most visitors miss, and why it matters. Free in the Art Whisper app.
Leonardo da Vinci, the ultimate Renaissance polymath, filled notebooks with observations on everything from anatomy to flight, alongside masterpieces like the 'Mona Lisa'.
Mona Lisa
1503 · Department of Paintings of the Louvre
A Bear Walking
1477 · The Metropolitan Museum of Art
The Head of the Virgin in Three-Quarter View Facing Right
1510 · The Metropolitan Museum of Art
Two Deformed Heads with Very Long Upper Lips
1645 · The Metropolitan Museum of Art
Three Heads in Profile
The Metropolitan Museum of Art
Portrait of a Musician
1485 · Pinacoteca Ambrosiana
Beyond da Vinci and Renaissance: works from the same years, and from the other movements Compositional Sketches for the Virgin Adoring the Christ Child, with and without the Infant St. John the Baptist; Diagram of a Perspectival Projection (recto); Slight Doodles (verso) belongs to.
Same movement · High Renaissance
Jacopo Pesaro, Bishop of Paphos, being presented by Pope Alexander VI to Saint Peter
Titian · 1504 · Royal Museum of Fine Arts Antwerp
Same era · 1460s–1490s
Christ Child with a Walking Frame
Hieronymus Bosch · 1480 · Kunsthistorisches Museum
Same movement · Academic art
The Entombment of Christ
Caravaggio · 1600 · Pinacoteca Vaticana
Same era · 1460s–1490s
Saint Paul with a Donor; Christ Appearing to His Mother
Master of the View of Saint Gudula · 1480 · The Metropolitan Museum of Art
Same movement · Academic art
Head of a Child
Jacques-Louis David · 1768 · The Metropolitan Museum of Art
Same era · 1460s–1490s
The Lamentation
Albrecht Dürer · 1477 · The Metropolitan Museum of Art
Same movement · Academic art
Joseph-Antoine Moltedo (born 1775)
Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres · 1805 · The Metropolitan Museum of Art
Same era · 1460s–1490s
Virgin and Child with Two Angels
Sandro Botticelli · 1468 · Musée des Beaux-Arts de Strasbourg
Same movement · Academic art
Male Academy Figure: Half-Length, Side View
Eugène Delacroix · 1819 · Karen B. Cohen Collection
Same era · 1460s–1490s
Adoration of the Christ Child
Workshop of Andrea della Robbia · 1479 · Art Institute of Chicago
Same era · 1460s–1490s
Madonna and Child
Giovanni Bellini · 1470 · Musée Fesch
Same era · 1460s–1490s
Madonna and Child Enthroned with Saints John the Baptist and Sebastian
Pietro Perugino · 1493 · Uffizi Gallery
Same era · 1460s–1490s
Plate with arms of the Tosinghi family
Artist Unknown - The Mercat Cross, Aberdeen · 1495 · The Metropolitan Museum of Art