“Stop to consider this chilling depiction of a hanged monk, a stark and powerful image from a period of war and turmoil. Goya’s painting invites you to reflect on human suffering and the dark side of conflict.”
In this stark and unsettling image, a robed figure hangs suspended from a gallows, silhouetted against a dark, featureless sky. The scene is devoid of any specific location or identifying details, amplifying a sense of universal dread. The monk's body, rendered with a minimal yet powerful brushstroke, sways slightly, suggesting a recent event or the chilling stillness of death. Goya created this work around 1810, a period of immense upheaval in Spain, marked by the Peninsular War and its brutal consequences. The painting captures the raw fear and moral ambiguity of a time when violence was rampant and justice often swift and merciless. It serves as a stark commentary on human suffering and the dark undercurrents of society, inviting viewers to confront the uncomfortable realities of conflict and its psychological toll.
- Artist
- Francisco Goya
- Date
- 1810
- Location
- Art Institute of Chicago
What to Notice
Five details hide in plain sight. Here’s where to look.

The way the monk's body hangs, suggesting recent death.
The dark, ominous sky, adding to the desolate atmosphere.
The simplicity of the gallows, emphasizing the stark act.
The monk's robe, a detail that hints at his identity.
1 more detail is waiting.
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Francisco Goya
1746–1828 · SpainFrancisco Goya, the Spanish master, captured everything from royal portraits to the dark anxieties of his age, often blurring the lines between Old Master and modern art.
Further Works by Goya
The Third of May 1808
1814 · Museo del Prado
Saturn Devouring His Son
1820 · Museo del Prado
El Maragato Threatens Friar Pedro de Zaldivia with His Gun
1806 · Art Institute of Chicago
Friar Pedro Binds El Maragato with a Rope
1806 · Art Institute of Chicago
Friar Pedro Clubs El Maragato with the Butt of the Gun
1806 · Art Institute of Chicago
Friar Pedro Offers Shoes to El Maragato and Prepares to Push Aside His Gun
1806 · Art Institute of Chicago
Friar Pedro Shoots El Maragato as His Horse Runs Off
1806 · Art Institute of Chicago
Friar Pedro Wrests the Gun from El Maragato
1806 · Art Institute of Chicago
More from Romanticism
A Limekiln, Possibly at Briton Ferry in South Wales
Turner · 1797 · Yale Center for British Art
The Monk by the Sea
Friedrich · 1800 · Alte Nationalgalerie
Joseph-Antoine Moltedo (born 1775)
Ingres · 1805 · The Metropolitan Museum of Art
Male Academy Figure: Half-Length, Side View
Delacroix · 1819 · Karen B. Cohen Collection
More works to explore
Beyond Goya and Romanticism: works from the same years.
Same era · 1790s–1820s
Fishing upon the Blythe-Sand, Tide Setting In
J. M. W. Turner · 1809 · National Gallery
Same era · 1790s–1820s
Wanderer above the Sea of Fog
Caspar David Friedrich · 1818 · Hamburger Kunsthalle
Same era · 1790s–1820s
Napoleon Crossing the Alps
Jacques-Louis David · 1800 · Musée national de Malmaison et Bois-Préau
Same era · 1790s–1820s
Amédée-David, the Comte de Pastoret
Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres · 1823 · Art Institute of Chicago
Same era · 1790s–1820s
Samuel Fisher Bradford
Rembrandt Peale · 1803 · Art Institute of Chicago
Same era · 1790s–1820s
Conflagration of the Masonic Hall, Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Samuel Jones · 1819 · Art Institute of Chicago
Same era · 1790s–1820s
Sketchbook: Souvenir of Naples
Artist Unknown - The Mercat Cross, Aberdeen · 1821 · The Metropolitan Museum of Art
Same era · 1790s–1820s
George Birkett
Thomas Stewardson · 1810 · Abbot Hall Art Gallery
Same era · 1790s–1820s
The Peasant Boy with a Hatchet
Vasily Andreevich Tropinin · 1810 · Ekaterinburg Museum of Fine Arts
Same era · 1790s–1820s
Captain William Rogers capturing the 'Jeune Richard', 1 October 1807
Samuel Drummond · 1808 · Royal Museums Greenwich
Same era · 1790s–1820s
Cilgerran Castle
William Havell · 1805 · National Museum Cardiff
Same era · 1790s–1820s
Winchester from the South
Tobias Young · 1803 · Winchester Guildhall
