“Stop and observe how this painting uses a grid to organize mysterious, ancient-feeling symbols. It's an early example of an American artist exploring a new visual language to capture the anxieties of the mid-20th century.”
In Adolph Gottlieb's "Crypt," a stark, almost archaeological grid emerges from the cream-colored paper, dividing the surface into a series of enigmatic compartments. Each section holds a unique, biomorphic shape or symbol, rendered in a palette of muted gouache. Look closely, and you might discern forms that evoke ancient hieroglyphs, tribal masks, or even primordial organisms. This work, created in 1945, belongs to Gottlieb's "Pictograph" series, a significant body of work he developed in the 1940s. He sought to create a new visual language that could express the "neurosis which is our reality" in a world grappling with the aftermath of war. Here, the compartmentalized images invite personal interpretation, allowing viewers to free-associate meanings without a fixed narrative. It's a powerful example of how artists of the period explored the unconscious mind and a "realism of our time" through abstraction.
- Artist
- Adolph Gottlieb
- Date
- 1945
- Medium
- Gouache on cream wove paper
- Location
- Art Institute of Chicago
- Dimensions
- 45.5 × 60.8 cm (17 7/8 × 23 7/8 in.)
What to Notice
Five details hide in plain sight. Here’s where to look.

The subtle, hand-drawn grid that organizes the entire composition.
The varied, almost calligraphic quality of each enclosed symbol.
The earthy, subdued color palette, dominated by browns, grays, and ochres.
Small, almost hidden eyes or mask-like faces within some compartments.
1 more detail is waiting.
See all 5 in Art Whisper →Adolph Gottlieb
1903–1974 · United StatesAdolph Gottlieb, a pioneering Abstract Expressionist, transformed his style after living in the Arizona desert, leading to his iconic 'Pictographs' and 'Bursts'.
Further Works by Gottlieb
More works to explore
Beyond Gottlieb: works from the same years.
Same era · 1930s–1960s
Greyed Rainbow
Jackson Pollock · 1953 · Art Institute of Chicago
Same era · 1930s–1960s
Sun Spot
Yayoi Kusama · 1953 · Art Institute of Chicago
Same era · 1930s–1960s
Deux personnages
Pierre Alechinsky · 1950
Same era · 1930s–1960s
Impregnazione
Piero Manzoni · 1958
Same era · 1930s–1960s
The Temptation of St. Anthony
Ivan Puni · 1945 · Art Institute of Chicago
Same era · 1930s–1960s
The Indestructibles
Philip Evergood · 1946 · Art Institute of Chicago
Same era · 1930s–1960s
Nighthawks
Okada Saburosuke · 1942 · Art Institute of Chicago
Same era · 1930s–1960s
Red No. 2
Sam Francis · 1954 · Art Institute of Chicago
Same era · 1930s–1960s
Summer Night in Arizona
Max Ernst · 1944 · Art Institute of Chicago
Same era · 1930s–1960s
Freedom from Fear
Norman Rockwell · 1943 · Norman Rockwell Museum
Same era · 1930s–1960s
Untitled (Woman-Bottle)
René Magritte · 1943 · Art Institute of Chicago
Same era · 1930s–1960s
Dancing Girl
Paul Klee · 1940 · Art Institute of Chicago

