ART MOVEMENT

Postmodernism

1950s-present · New York City, United States

OVERVIEW

Welcome to Postmodernism—the art movement that broke all the rules by questioning whether rules even matter. Emerging in the 1950s and still going strong today, Postmodernism is less a unified style and more a rebellious attitude. If Modernism was about sincerity, purity, and "less is more," Postmodernism responded with irony, pastiche, and "more is more." You'll know you're looking at Postmodern art when you feel like the artist is winking at you, remixing cultural symbols, or making you question what "art" even means.

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DID YOU KNOW?
1

Jeff Koons' 'Balloon Dog (Orange)' sold for $58.4 million in 2013, making it the most expensive work by a living artist at the time.

2

Sherrie Levine rephotographed famous Walker Evans photos without changes—challenging ideas about authorship and originality itself.

3

The movement embraced the 'death of the author' concept—meaning the viewer's interpretation matters more than the artist's intention.

KEY CHARACTERISTICS
Appropriation & Pastiche

Borrowing images from art history, media, or pop culture, often remixed with irony or new meaning.

e.g. Sherrie Levine's 'After Walker Evans' (1981)
Text & Image Collision

Bold typography combined with photographic images, often resembling advertising or propaganda aesthetics.

e.g. Barbara Kruger's 'Untitled (Your Body is a Battleground)' (1989)
Blurred High/Low Culture

Kitsch, commercial objects, and mass-produced items elevated to fine art status without apology.

e.g. Jeff Koons' 'Balloon Dog' (1994-2000)
KEY ARTISTS
Andy Warhol 1928–1987 · United States Barbara Kruger 1945 · United States Chuck Close Cindy Sherman 1954 · United States David Salle Ed Ruscha Eric Fischl 1948 · United States James Rosenquist Jasper Johns 1930 · United States Jean-Michel Basquiat 1960–1988 · United States Jeff Koons Julian Schnabel Keith Haring 1958–1989 · United States Kiki Smith Richard Prince Robert Rauschenberg Roy Lichtenstein 1923–1997 · United States S Sherrie Levine 1947 · United States
NOTABLE WORKS
Dog 1950 · Art Institute of Chicago Three Flags 1958 · Whitney Museum of American Art Campbell's Soup Cans 1962 · Museum of Modern Art Whaam! 1963 · Tate Paintbrushes, plate four from 1st Etchings 1967 · Art Institute of Chicago Expo 67 Mural—Firepole 33’ x 17' 1967 · Art Institute of Chicago
TIMELINE
1950Started
1980Peaked
Grew out ofModernism / Abstract Expressionism
Led toContemporary Art / Metamodernism
LOOK CLOSER

How to Spot It

1

Look for irony and humor—if the artwork feels like it's making a joke about art itself, you're probably looking at Postmodernism.

2

Check for borrowed images: recognizable cultural symbols, famous artworks copied or remixed, or commercial imagery repurposed.

3

Notice text incorporated into visual work, especially in advertising-style bold fonts commenting on culture, identity, or consumerism.

PreviousAbstract Expressionism1946s-1960s
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