“Stop to see how this etching brings a dramatic mythological story to life with vivid detail and a fantastical landscape, showcasing a pivotal moment of cunning and consequence.”
In this etching, the classical tale of Mercury and Argus unfolds within a dramatic, craggy landscape. Mercury, identifiable by his winged cap, strides purposefully forward, his gaze fixed on the viewer, while in his hand he holds the severed head of the giant Argus. The scene is set against a backdrop of distant, fantastical mountains and a winding river, typical of the Northern Renaissance style that often blended mythological narratives with panoramic views. The artist uses the etching medium to create striking contrasts of light and shadow, particularly in the dense foliage and the turbulent clouds above. This work, part of a series, captures a pivotal moment of deception and violence, rendered with a keen eye for both natural detail and narrative tension. It invites us to consider the story not just as a myth, but as a window into human cunning and its consequences.
- Artist
- Hieronymus Bosch
- Medium
- Etching on ivory laid paper
- Location
- Art Institute of Chicago
- Dimensions
- Plate: 22.6 × 32.7 cm (8 15/16 × 12 7/8 in.); sheet: 27.3 × 37.2 cm (10 3/4 × 14 11/16 in.)
- Collection
- Prints and Drawings
- Culture
- Netherlands
- Credit line
- Charles Hack and the Hearn Family Trust Collection, purchased with funds provided by the Harry B. and Bessie K. Braude Memorial, Amanda S. Johnson and Marion J. Livingston, anonymous, and Suzanne Searle Dixon endowment funds
What to Notice
Five details hide in plain sight. Here’s where to look.

Mercury's winged cap and sandals, symbols of his divine speed.
The giant Argus's head, still with eyes, clutched in Mercury's hand.
The sleeping herd of cattle, a detail from the story of Io.
The gnarled, twisted trees that frame the central figures.
1 more detail is waiting.
See all 5 in Art Whisper →Stand in front of it and listen
The full narration walks you through Mercury with Head of Argus in His Hand, from Landscapes with Biblical and Mythological Scenes — the story behind it, the details most visitors miss, and why it matters. Free in the Art Whisper app.
Hieronymus Bosch
1450–1516 · Northern Low CountriesHieronymus Bosch, a Dutch painter from the Northern Low Countries, filled his oak panels with fantastic illustrations of religious concepts, from the Garden of Eden to macabre depictions of hell.
Further Works by Bosch
The Garden of Paradise
1495 · Art Institute of Chicago
The Conjurer (The Juggler)
1502
The Adoration of the Magi
Noordbrabants Museum
The Last Judgment
1478 · Art Institute of Chicago
Panel
1500 · Art Institute of Chicago
Saint Francis Heals the Grievous Wounds of One John at Lerida, plate two from Woodcuts from Books of the XVI Century
1512 · Art Institute of Chicago
Mercury Lulling to Sleep Argus, from Landscapes with Biblical and Mythological Scenes
Art Institute of Chicago
Shrove Tuesday
Art Institute of Chicago


