Mercury Lulling to Sleep Argus, from Landscapes with Biblical and Mythological Scenes

Hieronymus Bosch

MEDIUMEtching on ivory laid paper
DIMENSIONSPlate: 22.7 × 32.3 cm (8 15/16 × 12 3/4 in.); sheet: 27.3 × 37 cm (10 3/4 × 14 5/8 in.)
LOCATIONArt Institute of Chicago
COLLECTIONPrints and Drawings
CULTURENetherlands
CREDIT LINECharles Hack and the Hearn Family Trust Collection, purchased with funds provided by the Harry B. and Bessie K. Braude Memorial, Amanda S. Johnson and Marion J. Livingston, anonymous, and Suzanne Searle Dixon endowment funds

Stop to witness a dramatic moment from classical mythology: Mercury's cunning plan to rescue Io by lulling the watchful giant Argus to sleep with music. This etching draws you into a world of gods, monsters, and a richly detailed landscape.

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ABOUT THIS WORK

In this etching, the god Mercury, identifiable by his winged cap and sandals, plays a flute to lull the giant Argus to sleep. Argus, a creature with a hundred eyes, was tasked by the goddess Juno to guard Io, Jupiter's lover, who had been transformed into a white heifer. The scene unfolds in a lush, detailed landscape, with trees framing the central action and a distant castle hinting at a larger world beyond. The delicate lines of the etching create a sense of depth and texture, from the folds of Mercury's drapery to the shaggy coat of the heifer. This work captures a pivotal moment of deception and divine intervention, a story from Ovid's Metamorphoses, rendered with a dramatic flair that invites close inspection of every element.

ART MOVEMENTS
Northern Renaissance
LOOK CLOSER

What to Notice

1

Mercury's winged cap and sandals, symbols of his swiftness.

2

The many eyes of Argus, some open, some already closed in slumber.

3

The white heifer, Io, grazing innocently in the foreground.

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Audio Deep Dive

Stop to witness a dramatic moment from classical mythology: Mercury's cunning plan to rescue Io by lulling the watchful giant Argus to sleep with music. This e…

Hear the full story in the app
THE ARTIST
Hieronymus Bosch 1450–1516 · Northern Low Countries

Hieronymus Bosch, a Dutch painter from the Northern Low Countries, filled his oak panels with fantastic illustrations of religious concepts, from the Garden of Eden to macabre depictions of hell.

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