“Stop to witness a dramatic moment from classical mythology: Mercury's cunning plan to rescue Io by lulling the watchful giant Argus to sleep with music. This etching draws you into a world of gods, monsters, and a richly detailed landscape.”
In this etching, the god Mercury, identifiable by his winged cap and sandals, plays a flute to lull the giant Argus to sleep. Argus, a creature with a hundred eyes, was tasked by the goddess Juno to guard Io, Jupiter's lover, who had been transformed into a white heifer. The scene unfolds in a lush, detailed landscape, with trees framing the central action and a distant castle hinting at a larger world beyond. The delicate lines of the etching create a sense of depth and texture, from the folds of Mercury's drapery to the shaggy coat of the heifer. This work captures a pivotal moment of deception and divine intervention, a story from Ovid's Metamorphoses, rendered with a dramatic flair that invites close inspection of every element.
- Artist
- Hieronymus Bosch
- Medium
- Etching on ivory laid paper
- Location
- Art Institute of Chicago
- Dimensions
- Plate: 22.7 × 32.3 cm (8 15/16 × 12 3/4 in.); sheet: 27.3 × 37 cm (10 3/4 × 14 5/8 in.)
- Collection
- Prints and Drawings
- Culture
- Netherlands
- Credit line
- Charles Hack and the Hearn Family Trust Collection, purchased with funds provided by the Harry B. and Bessie K. Braude Memorial, Amanda S. Johnson and Marion J. Livingston, anonymous, and Suzanne Searle Dixon endowment funds
What to Notice
Five details hide in plain sight. Here’s where to look.

Mercury's winged cap and sandals, symbols of his swiftness.
The many eyes of Argus, some open, some already closed in slumber.
The white heifer, Io, grazing innocently in the foreground.
The intricate details of the trees and distant architecture.
1 more detail is waiting.
See all 5 in Art Whisper →Stand in front of it and listen
The full narration walks you through Mercury Lulling to Sleep Argus, from Landscapes with Biblical and Mythological Scenes — the story behind it, the details most visitors miss, and why it matters. Free in the Art Whisper app.
Hieronymus Bosch
1450–1516 · Northern Low CountriesHieronymus Bosch, a Dutch painter from the Northern Low Countries, filled his oak panels with fantastic illustrations of religious concepts, from the Garden of Eden to macabre depictions of hell.
Further Works by Bosch
The Garden of Paradise
1495 · Art Institute of Chicago
The Conjurer (The Juggler)
1502
The Adoration of the Magi
Noordbrabants Museum
The Last Judgment
1478 · Art Institute of Chicago
Panel
1500 · Art Institute of Chicago
Saint Francis Heals the Grievous Wounds of One John at Lerida, plate two from Woodcuts from Books of the XVI Century
1512 · Art Institute of Chicago
Mercury with Head of Argus in His Hand, from Landscapes with Biblical and Mythological Scenes
Art Institute of Chicago
Shrove Tuesday
Art Institute of Chicago


