Constant Nieuwenhuys

Constant Nieuwenhuys, known simply as Constant, was a Dutch painter, sculptor, and visionary urban planner born in Amsterdam in 1920. He emerged in the post-World War II European avant-garde, co-founding the CoBrA movement in 1948 alongside Karel Appel, Asger Jorn, and others. CoBrA—an acronym for Copenhagen, Brussels, and Amsterdam—rejected rigid artistic conventions and embraced spontaneous, expressive art inspired by children's drawings, folk art, and primitive forms. Con…