“This 1860 lithograph vividly portrays the United States on the brink of civil war, using a rattlesnake labeled "Secession" threatening a sleeping eagle to symbolize the nation's impending crisis. It's a powerful visual snapshot of a deeply divided country.”
In this dramatic lithograph from 1860, a coiled rattlesnake, labeled "Secession," threatens a sleeping eagle, symbolizing the United States. The scene unfolds on a rocky perch, with the eagle's nest, containing two vulnerable chicks, perilously close to the serpent. Below, a cannon points ominously towards the distant Capitol building, suggesting the brewing conflict that would soon erupt into the Civil War. The artist, Louis Maurer, captures the tense political climate of the time, using animal allegory to personify the nation's internal divisions. The print’s title, "The Impending Crisis" (a reference to Hinton Helper's incendiary anti-slavery book), underscores the urgency and danger of the moment, making this a powerful visual commentary on the eve of national disunion.
- Artist
- Louis Maurer
- Date
- 1860
- Medium
- Lithograph
- Location
- The Metropolitan Museum of Art
- Dimensions
- Image: 9 13/16 × 15 3/16 in. (25 × 38.5 cm) Sheet: 13 3/8 × 17 9/16 in. (34 × 44.6 cm)
- Collection
- Drawings and Prints
- Credit line
- Gift of A. S. Colgate, 1952
What to Notice
Five details hide in plain sight. Here’s where to look.

The rattlesnake's head, labeled "Secession" above its fangs.
The sleeping eagle, its talons resting on a rock with "Union" inscribed.
The two small, vulnerable chicks nestled in the eagle's nest.
The cannon below, aimed at the distant Capitol building.
1 more detail is waiting.
See all 5 in Art Whisper →Stand in front of it and listen
The full narration walks you through "The Impending Crisis" – Or Caught in the Act — the story behind it, the details most visitors miss, and why it matters. Free in the Art Whisper app.
Further Works by Maurer
More works to explore
Beyond Maurer: works from the same years.
Same era · 1840s–1870s
The Backgammon Players
Philip Webb · 1861 · The Metropolitan Museum of Art
Same era · 1840s–1870s
The Cottage by the Roadside, Stormy Sky
Léon-Victor Dupré · 1855 · Art Institute of Chicago
Same era · 1840s–1870s
Young Spartan Girls Challenging Boys
Edgar Degas · 1860 · Art Institute of Chicago
Same era · 1840s–1870s
Monsieur Suisse
Gustave Courbet · 1861 · The Metropolitan Museum of Art
Same era · 1840s–1870s
Pools by the Seaside
William Hart · 1861 · Buffalo AKG Art Museum
Same era · 1840s–1870s
An Arab Warrior
Mariano Fortuny Marsal · 1862 · Hispanic Society of America
Same era · 1840s–1870s
Lion Hunt
Eugène Delacroix · 1858 · Museum of Fine Arts Boston
Same era · 1840s–1870s
The Sheepshearers
Jean-François Millet · 1857 · Art Institute of Chicago
Same era · 1840s–1870s
Alfred Sisley
Pierre-Auguste Renoir · 1864 · Foundation E.G. Bührle Collection
Same era · 1840s–1870s
Fish (Still Life)
Édouard Manet · 1864 · Art Institute of Chicago
Same era · 1840s–1870s
The Banks of the Marne in Winter
Camille Pissarro · 1866 · Art Institute of Chicago
Same era · 1840s–1870s
Joséphine-Éléonore-Marie-Pauline de Galard de Brassac de Béarn (1825–1860), Princesse de Broglie
Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres · 1853 · Metropolitan Museum of Art

